abstract：:High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) is currently accepted as an evidence-based treatment option for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Additionally, HF-rTMS showed beneficial effects on psychomotor retardation in patients. The classical HF-rTMS paradigms however are unlikely to rep...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： El Arfani A,Parthoens J,Demuyser T,Servaes S,De Coninck M,De Deyn PP,Van Dam D,Wyckhuys T,Baeken C,Smolders I,Staelens S

更新日期：2017-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Single steps in different directions are often used for postural corrections. However, our knowledge about the neural mechanisms underlying their generation is scarce. This study was aimed to characterize the corrective steps generated in response to disturbances of the basic body configuration caused by forward, back...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Hsu LJ,Zelenin PV,Lyalka VF,Vemula MG,Orlovsky GN,Deliagina TG

更新日期：2017-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The cerebellum is known to be involved in temporal information processing. However, the underlying neuronal mechanisms remain unclear. In our previous study, monkeys were trained to make a saccade in response to a single omission of periodically presented visual stimuli. To detect stimulus omission, animals had to pre...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Uematsu A,Ohmae S,Tanaka M

更新日期：2017-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:A better understanding of BOLD responses stems from a better characterization of the brain's ability to metabolize glucose and oxygen. Non-invasive techniques such as functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (fMRS) have thus been developed allowing for the reproducible assessment of metabolic changes during barrel c...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Sonnay S,Duarte JMN,Just N

更新日期：2017-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Peptidergic dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons transmit sensory and nociceptive information from the periphery to the central nervous system. Their synaptic activity is profoundly affected by neuromodulatory peptides stored and released from large dense-core vesicles (LDCVs). However, the mechanism of peptide secretio...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Bost A,Shaib AH,Schwarz Y,Niemeyer BA,Becherer U

更新日期：2017-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognitive flexibility, the ability to adjust behavior in response to new and unexpected conditions in the environment, is essential for adaptation to new challenges and survival. The cholinergic system is an important modulator of this complex behavior however, the exact cholinergic circuits involved in this modulatio...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Prado VF,Janickova H,Al-Onaizi MA,Prado MA

更新日期：2017-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The global increase in rates of obesity has been accompanied by a similar surge in the number of autism diagnoses. Accumulating epidemiological evidence suggest a possible link between overweight and the risk for autism spectrum disorders (ASD), as well as autism severity. In laboratory animals, several studies have s...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Zilkha N,Kuperman Y,Kimchi T

更新日期：2017-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Decreased proteolytic clearance of soluble amyloid β (Aβ) in microglia affects Aβ accumulation on Alzheimer's disease progression. However, the potential molecular mechanism by which microglial Aβ uptake is regulated remains unclear. In this study, we identified a microRNA, miR-124, that was down-regulated in aging wi...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Feng CZ,Yin JB,Yang JJ,Cao L

更新日期：2017-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:About 7.5million adults in Germany cannot read and write properly despite attending school for several years. They are considered to be functional illiterates. Since the ability to read and write is crucial for being employed and socially accepted, we developed a literacy training to overcome these deficits. In this s...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Boltzmann M,Mohammadi B,Samii A,Münte TF,Rüsseler J

更新日期：2017-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with dysphagia can have higher risks of aspiration after repetitive swallowing activity due to the "fatigue effect". However, it is still unknown how consecutive swallows affect brain activity. Therefore, we sought to investigate differences in swallowing brain networks formed during consecutive swallows usin...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Jestrović I,Coyle JL,Sejdić E

更新日期：2017-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease in which more than 70% of patients experience visual disturbance as the earliest symptoms. Lysolecithin (LPC)-induced focal demyelination model has been developed to evaluate the effects of different therapies on myelin repair improvement. In this study, the effects of ...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Daneshdoust D,Khalili-Fomeshi M,Ghasemi-Kasman M,Ghorbanian D,Hashemian M,Gholami M,Moghadamnia A,Shojaei A

更新日期：2017-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuropathic pain resulting from spinal cord injury is often accompanied by maladaptive plasticity of the central nervous system, including the opioid receptor-rich periaqueductal gray (PAG). Evidence suggests that sensory signaling via the PAG is robustly modulated by dopamine D1- and D2-like receptors, but the effect...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Voulalas PJ,Ji Y,Jiang L,Asgar J,Ro JY,Masri R

更新日期：2017-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In the spinal cord, glycine and γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) are inhibitory neurotransmitters. However, the ontogeny of the glycinergic network remains unclear. To address this point, we examined the developmental formation of glycinergic terminals by immunohistochemistry for glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2), a marker of ...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Sunagawa M,Shimizu-Okabe C,Kim J,Kobayashi S,Kosaka Y,Yanagawa Y,Matsushita M,Okabe A,Takayama C

更新日期：2017-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Auditory-visual (AV) events often involve a leading visual cue (e.g. auditory-visual speech) that allows the perceiver to generate predictions about the upcoming auditory event. Electrophysiological evidence suggests that when an auditory event is predicted, processing is sped up, i.e., the N1 component of the ERP occ...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Paris T,Kim J,Davis C

更新日期：2017-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Stress and withdrawal of female reproductive hormones are known risk factors of postpartum depression. Although both of these factors are capable of powerfully modulating neuronal plasticity, there is no direct electron microscopic evidence of hippocampal spine synapse remodeling in postpartum depression. To address t...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Baka J,Csakvari E,Huzian O,Dobos N,Siklos L,Leranth C,MacLusky NJ,Duman RS,Hajszan T

更新日期：2017-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a key role in cognitive functions, memory, and attention. Alterations in parvalbumin interneurons (PV neurons) and perineuronal nets (PNNs) within the PFC have been implicated in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder pathology. However, it remains unclear why PV neurons and PNNs ...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Ueno H,Suemitsu S,Okamoto M,Matsumoto Y,Ishihara T

更新日期：2017-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Early life experiences, particularly the experience with parents, are crucial to phenotypic outcomes in both humans and animals. Although the effects of maternal deprivation on offspring well-being have been studied, paternal deprivation (PD) has received little attention despite documented associations between father...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Tabbaa M,Lei K,Liu Y,Wang Z

更新日期：2017-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Since functional imaging of whole body movements is not feasible with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the present study presents in vivo functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as a suitable technique to measure body movement effects on fronto-temporo-parietal cortical activation in single- and dua...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Metzger FG,Ehlis AC,Haeussinger FB,Schneeweiss P,Hudak J,Fallgatter AJ,Schneider S

更新日期：2017-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) plays a central role in brain development, regulation of mood, stress reactivity and risk of psychiatric disorders, and thus alterations in 5-HT signaling early in life have critical implications for behavior and mental health across the life span. Drawing on preclinical and emerg...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Brummelte S,Mc Glanaghy E,Bonnin A,Oberlander TF

更新日期：2017-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Children exposed to extreme early-life neglect such as in institutional rearing are at heightened risk for developing depression and anxiety disorders, and internalizing problems more broadly. These outcomes are believed to be due to alterations in the development of neural circuitry that supports emotion regulation. ...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Bick J,Fox N,Zeanah C,Nelson CA

更新日期：2017-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Efr3a has been found to be involved in the functional maintenance and structural degeneration of sensory and motor nervous tissues. Our previous data have suggested that Efr3a may be associated with the initiation of the degeneration of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). In this study, we used Efr3a knockdown (Efr3a KD) ...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Hu H,Ma Y,Ye B,Wang Q,Yang T,Lv J,Shi J,Wu H,Xiang M

更新日期：2017-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Stimulus exposure duration in emotion perception research is often chosen pragmatically; however, little work exists on the consequences of stimulus duration for the processing of emotional faces. We utilized the spatiotemporal resolution capabilities of magnetoencephalography (MEG) to characterize early implicit proc...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Kouptsova JE,Leung RC,Taylor MJ

更新日期：2017-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is the second leading cause of dementia behind Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is a frequent co-morbidity with AD. Despite its prevalence, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the cognitive dysfunction resulting from cerebrovascular disease. Astrocyti...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Sudduth TL,Weekman EM,Price BR,Gooch JL,Woolums A,Norris CM,Wilcock DM

更新日期：2017-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The neuropeptide PACAP modulates synaptic transmission in the hippocampus exerting multiple effects through different receptor subtypes: the underlying mechanisms have not yet been completely elucidated. The neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) also exerts a well-documented modulation of hippocampal synaptic transmiss...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Pecoraro V,Sardone LM,Chisari M,Licata F,Li Volsi G,Perciavalle V,Ciranna L,Costa L

更新日期：2017-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome (DS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibits cognitive impairment and degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs). Our prior studies demonstrated that maternal choline supplementation (MCS) improves attention and spatial cognition in Ts65Dn offspring, normalizes hi...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Powers BE,Kelley CM,Velazquez R,Ash JA,Strawderman MS,Alldred MJ,Ginsberg SD,Mufson EJ,Strupp BJ

更新日期：2017-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) produce widespread and complex effects on neocortex excitability. We studied how heteromeric nAChRs regulate inhibitory post-synaptic currents (IPSCs), in fast-spiking (FS) layer V neurons of the mouse frontal area 2 (Fr2). In the presence of blockers of ionotropic glutamate ...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Aracri P,Meneghini S,Coatti A,Amadeo A,Becchetti A

更新日期：2017-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Endocannabinoids and somatostatin (SST) play critical roles in several pathophysiological conditions via binding to different receptor subtypes. Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) and somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are expressed in several brain regions and share overlapping functions. Whether these two prominent members o...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Zou S,Somvanshi RK,Kumar U

更新日期：2017-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can increase cortical excitability of a targeted brain area, which may affect endurance exercise performance. However, optimal electrode placement for tDCS remains unclear. We tested the effect of two different tDCS electrode montages for improving exercise performance. N...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Angius L,Pageaux B,Hopker J,Marcora SM,Mauger AR

更新日期：2016-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Thrombin and activated protein C (aPC) bound to the endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) both activate protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) generating either harmful or protective signaling respectively. In the present study we examined the localization of PAR-1 and EPCR and thrombin activity in Schwann glial cells o...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Gera O,Shavit-Stein E,Bushi D,Harnof S,Shimon MB,Weiss R,Golderman V,Dori A,Maggio N,Finegold K,Chapman J

更新日期：2016-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Coordinated activity in different sets of widely-projecting neurochemical systems characterize waking (W) and sleep (S). How and when this coordination is achieved during development is not known. We used embryos and newborns of a precocial bird species (chickens) to assess developmental activation in different neuroc...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Chan A,Li S,Lee AR,Leung J,Yip A,Bird J,Godden KE,Martinez-Gonzalez D,Rattenborg NC,Balaban E,Pompeiano M

更新日期：2016-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Gut microbiota colonization is a key event for host physiology that occurs early in life. Disruption of this process leads to altered brain development which ultimately manifests as changes in brain function and behaviour in adulthood. Studies using germ-free (GF) mice highlight the extreme impact on brain health that...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Hoban AE,Moloney RD,Golubeva AV,McVey Neufeld KA,O'Sullivan O,Patterson E,Stanton C,Dinan TG,Clarke G,Cryan JF

更新日期：2016-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously showed that magnesium sulfate (MS) has systemic antinociceptive and local peripheral pronociceptive effects. The role of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels and acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) in the mechanism of action of MS has not been investigated in detail. The aim of this study was to exp...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Srebro D,Vučković S,Prostran M

更新日期：2016-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Attentional deficits including difficulty in switching attention between tasks or rules, sustaining attention, and selectively attending to specific stimuli are commonly seen in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). While these deficits are frequently reported, it is unclear how traditional dopamine replacement ther...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Smith ES,Hardy GA,Schallert T,Lee HJ

更新日期：2016-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common, disabling symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) that is associated with deficits in motor initiation and inhibition. Understanding of underlying neurobiological mechanisms has been limited by difficulties in eliciting and objectively characterizing such gait phenomena in the clinical ...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Georgiades MJ,Gilat M,Ehgoetz Martens KA,Walton CC,Bissett PG,Shine JM,Lewis SJ

更新日期：2016-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulating evidence indicates that odontoblasts act as sensor cells, capable of triggering action potentials in adjacent pulpal nociceptive axons, suggesting a paracrine signaling via a currently unknown mediator. Since glutamate can mediate signaling by non-neuronal cells, and peripheral axons may express glutamate...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Cho YS,Ryu CH,Won JH,Vang H,Oh SB,Ro JY,Bae YC

更新日期：2016-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Limb somatosensory signals modify the discharge of vestibular neurons and elicit postural reflexes, which stabilize the body position. The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of the γ-amino-butyric-acid (GABA) to the responsiveness of vestibular neurons to somatosensory inputs. The activity of 128 ve...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Grasso C,Li Volsi G,Cataldo E,Manzoni D,Barresi M

更新日期：2016-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Our series of rat experiments have shown that locomotor activity, arousal level, body and brown adipose tissue temperatures, heart rate and arterial pressure increase episodically in an integrated manner approximately every 100min (ultradian manner). Although it has been proposed that the integrated ultradian pattern ...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Miyata K,Kuwaki T,Ootsuka Y

更新日期：2016-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide and can result in persistent cognitive, sensory and behavioral dysfunction. Understanding the time course of TBI-induced pathology is essential to effective treatment outcomes. We induced TBI in rats using an impact acceleration method...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Allitt BJ,Iva P,Yan EB,Rajan R

更新日期：2016-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Although there is little overlap in core diagnostic criteria for ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), ASD symptoms are estimated to co-occur in children with ADHD in 20-50% of cases. As motor control deficits are common to both disorders, we investigated the impact of ASD symptoms on ocular motor control in childr...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Connolly AJ,Rinehart NJ,Johnson B,Papadopoulos N,Fielding J

更新日期：2016-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Human Dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of molecular weight 32kDa (DARPP-32, also known as PPP1R1B) gene codes for different transcripts that are mainly translated into two DARPP-32 protein isoforms, full length (fl)-DARPP-32 and truncated (t)-DARPP. The t-DARPP lacks the first 36 residues at the N-terminal,...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Straccia M,Carrere J,Rosser AE,Canals JM

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00